West Virginia State University - Department of Biology

01/15/2025

Happy National Strawberry Ice Cream Day! Today, we celebrate this delicious frozen treat that combines the sweetness of strawberries with the creamy coolness of ice cream. But did you know that there's a fascinating biology behind this delightful dessert?

The Biology of Strawberries

Strawberries are not just a tasty treat; they're also a botanical marvel. They belong to the Rosaceae family, which also includes roses, apples, and pears. Strawberries are not true berries but aggregate fruits, meaning they develop from multiple ovaries of a single flower.

The Science of Ice Cream

Ice cream is a frozen dessert made from cream, milk, sugar, and flavorings. The process of making ice cream involves churning the mixture while it is being frozen, which creates tiny ice crystals. These ice crystals give ice cream its smooth and creamy texture.

The Biology of Dairy

Dairy products, such as milk and cream, are produced by mammals. Cows are the most common source of milk for ice cream production. Milk is a complex mixture of water, fat, protein, lactose, and vitamins.

The Nutritional Value of Strawberries and Ice Cream

Strawberries are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. They are also low in calories and fat. Ice cream, on the other hand, is high in calories and fat. However, it is also a good source of calcium and protein.

Celebrating National Strawberry Ice Cream Day

On National Strawberry Ice Cream Day, we encourage you to enjoy a scoop (or two!) of this delicious treat. But don't forget to appreciate the science behind this frozen delight.

01/14/2025

The West Virginia University, Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences are seeking applications for their Summer Undergraduate Vision Research Fellowship Program. Undergraduate students who are interested in vision, neuroscience, biochemistry, and molecular medicine research should apply! The flyer is below.

For more information and to apply visit the program page: https://medicine.wvu.edu/ophthalmology-and-visual-sciences/research/vision-research/summer-undergraduate-vision-research-fellowship-program/

01/14/2025

01/11/2025

Happy National Milk Day! Today, we celebrate milk, a nutritious beverage that has been enjoyed by humans for centuries.

How Milk Production Evolved

Milk production is a unique trait that evolved in mammals. Mammals are animals that have mammary glands, which produce milk to feed their young. The ability to produce milk is thought to have evolved as a way to ensure the survival of offspring.

How Milk is Made

Milk is produced in the mammary glands of female mammals. After a female mammal gives birth, her mammary glands begin to produce milk. The milk is then released through the ni***es.

What Kind of Milk Humans Drink

Humans typically drink cow's milk, but other types of milk, such as goat's milk, camel's milk, and sheep's milk among others, are also consumed in some parts of the world.

The Nutritional Value of Milk

Milk is a good source of protein, calcium, vitamin D, and other nutrients. It is also a good source of energy.

The Environmental Impact of the Dairy Industry

The dairy industry has a significant environmental impact. It is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, and it also uses a large amount of water and land. However, there are a number of sustainable dairy farming practices that can help to reduce the environmental impact of the industry.



image credit: Gemini

01/10/2025

🌱 Happy National Houseplant Appreciation Day! Today, we celebrate the lush green companions that bring life and beauty to our homes. But did you know that there's a fascinating biology behind these living decorations?

Houseplants are a diverse group of plants, each with its own unique biology. They come in all shapes and sizes, from small succulents to large ferns. Some houseplants are native to tropical rainforests, while others are native to arid deserts.

One of the most fascinating aspects of houseplant biology is their ability to photosynthesize. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy. During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and water and release oxygen.

Houseplants also play an important role in the ecosystem of our homes. They can help to purify the air, reduce stress levels, and even improve our mood.

Celebrating National Houseplant Appreciation Day

On National Houseplant Appreciation Day, we encourage you to take a moment to appreciate the beauty and biology of your houseplants. You can also use this day as an opportunity to learn more about houseplants and how to care for them. Let's see your houseplants in the comment section! 📷



image credit: Gemini

01/09/2025

Happy National Apricot Day! Today, we celebrate the delicious and nutritious apricot, a stone fruit with a rich history and a fascinating biology.

Where are Apricots Native?

Apricots are believed to have originated in China and Central Asia, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years. Today, apricots are grown in many parts of the world, including but not limited to California, Turkey, and Spain.

What Eats Apricots in Nature?

Apricots are a popular food source for many animals, including but not limited to birds, squirrels, and rodents. These animals help to disperse apricot seeds, which helps to ensure the survival of the species.

Pollination of Apricots

Apricots are pollinated by bees and other insects. Bees are attracted to the flowers of apricot trees, which are rich in nectar and pollen. When bees visit apricot flowers, they transfer pollen from one flower to another, which helps to fertilize the flowers and produce fruit.

Taxonomic Classification of Apricots

Apricots belong to the genus Prunus, which also includes other stone fruits such as peaches, plums, and cherries. The scientific name for apricots is Prunus armeniaca. They are a part of the Rosaceae family which also includes apples, pears, strawberries, and blackberries, among others.

Environmental Impact of the Apricot Industry

The apricot industry can have a significant environmental impact, including water use, soil erosion, and pesticide use. However, there are a number of sustainable practices that can be used to reduce the environmental impact of apricot production.

Nutritional Value of Apricots

Apricots are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. They are also a good source of antioxidants, which can help to protect the body from damage caused by free radicals.

Celebrating National Apricot Day

On National Apricot Day, we encourage you to celebrate this delicious and nutritious fruit. You can enjoy apricots fresh, dried, or canned. You can also use apricots to make a variety of dishes, such as jams, pies, and tarts.



image credit: Gemini

01/08/2025

Happy National English Toffee Day! Today, we celebrate this delectable treat that combines rich flavors with a touch of culinary magic. But did you know that there's a fascinating biological story behind each bite of toffee?

The Biology of English Toffee

English toffee is primarily made from three key ingredients: sugar, butter, and nuts. Let's delve into the biology of each:

Sugar: Sugar is extracted from various plants, including sugarcane and sugar beets. Sugarcane is a tall grass native to tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Sugar beets, on the other hand, are a root vegetable belonging to the same family as spinach and beets. Sugarcane and sugar beets are cultivated in vast fields, often requiring large amounts of water and fertilizers. This agricultural process can have significant environmental impacts, including soil erosion, water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.

Butter: Butter is made from the cream of cow's milk. Cows are ruminant animals, meaning they have a complex digestive system that allows them to break down plant matter into energy. Dairy farming has a significant environmental impact, including deforestation, methane emissions from cows, and water pollution from manure runoff.

Nuts: English toffee often includes nuts such as almonds, walnuts, or pecans. These nuts are tree nuts that grow in various parts of the world. Nut trees play an important role in the ecosystem, providing food and shelter for wildlife. The nut industry can also have environmental impacts, including deforestation, pesticide use, and water consumption.

Nutritional Value

While English toffee is a delicious treat, it's important to consume it in moderation. It is high in calories and fat, primarily from the butter and nuts. However, it also contains some essential nutrients, such as calcium, magnesium, and vitamin E.

A Sweet Conclusion

So, on this National English Toffee Day, let's savor the rich flavors of this delectable treat while also acknowledging the biological story behind each bite. By understanding the origins of our food and the environmental impact of its production, we can make more informed choices about what we eat.



image credit: Gemini

01/07/2025

National Tempura Day: A Deep Dive into the Biology of a Crispy Treat

Happy National Tempura Day! Today, we celebrate the delectable Japanese dish that combines culinary artistry with a touch of scientific magic. Let's delve into the fascinating biology behind this crispy treat, focusing on the ingredients themselves.

Shrimp:

Shrimp belong to the taxonomic order Decapoda, which includes a wide variety of crustaceans. The most common shrimp used in tempura are Penaeus japonicus and Marsupenaeus japonicus. These species are native to the western Pacific Ocean and are commercially farmed in many countries.

In their natural habitat, shrimp play a crucial role in the marine ecosystem. They are omnivores, feeding on a variety of organisms, including algae, plankton, and small fish. As a result, they help to control populations of other organisms and maintain the balance of the marine ecosystem.

The shrimp farming industry has a significant environmental impact. Overfishing and unsustainable farming practices can lead to habitat destruction, pollution, and the spread of disease. However, there are efforts to promote sustainable shrimp farming practices, such as reducing the use of antibiotics and minimizing environmental impact.

Vegetables:

Tempura is often made with a variety of vegetables, including:

Sweet potato: Sweet potatoes belong to the genus Ipomoea and are native to the Americas. They are a good source of carbohydrates, fiber, and vitamins.

Broccoli: Broccoli belongs to the genus Brassica and is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a good source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.

Onion: Onions belong to the genus Allium and are native to Central Asia. They are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants.

Vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet, and they play a vital role in the ecosystem. They provide food and shelter for a variety of animals, and they help to maintain the balance of the ecosystem.

Other Ingredients:

In addition to shrimp and vegetables, tempura batter may also contain other ingredients, such as flour, water, and eggs. These ingredients are also produced through agricultural practices that can have an environmental impact.

Conclusion:

Tempura is a delicious dish that combines culinary artistry with a touch of scientific magic. By understanding the biology of the ingredients used in tempura, we can appreciate the complex interplay of nature and culture that makes this dish so special.



image credit: Gemini

01/06/2025

Happy National Technology Day!

From the West Virginia State University College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, we celebrate the incredible advancements in technology that shape our world.

Today, we recognize the power of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in driving innovation and shaping the future.

We are proud to be a part of the STEM community, and we are committed to providing our students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in the ever-evolving world of technology.

On this National Technology Day, let us celebrate the achievements of STEM professionals and inspire the next generation of innovators.



image credit: ChatGPT

01/06/2025

Happy National Cuddle Up Day!

Today is a day to celebrate the simple pleasure of cuddling. Cuddling is not only a comforting and enjoyable activity, but it also has a number of health benefits.

The Biology of Cuddling

When we cuddle, our bodies release a number of hormones and neurotransmitters that have a positive effect on our health. These include:

-Oxytocin: Oxytocin is often referred to as the "love hormone." It is released when we cuddle and has a number of benefits, including reducing stress, lowering blood pressure, and boosting immunity.

-Dopamine: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is associated with pleasure and reward. It is released when we cuddle and can help to improve our mood and motivation.

-Endorphins: Endorphins are natural painkillers that are released when we cuddle. They can help to reduce pain and promote feelings of well-being.

Cuddling in Other Species

Cuddling is not just a human behavior. Many other animals also cuddle, including primates, dogs, cats, and even birds. Cuddling serves a number of purposes in these species, including:

-Bonding: Cuddling helps to strengthen the bond between individuals.

-Comfort: Cuddling can provide comfort and reassurance, especially during times of stress or anxiety.

-Warmth: Cuddling can help to keep animals warm, especially in cold weather.

-Protection: Cuddling can also provide a sense of protection and security.

The Benefits of Cuddling

Cuddling is a simple but powerful activity that has a number of health benefits. It can help to reduce stress, improve our mood, boost our immunity, and even help us to sleep better. So next time you have the chance, take a moment to cuddle up with someone you love.



image credit: ChatGPT

01/05/2025

Due to the inclement weather, West Virginia State University will be closed tomorrow, Monday, January 6. Employees who are able to work remotely, please coordinate with your supervisors.

12/28/2024

On this day in 1973, the Endangered Species Act was signed into law. For 51 years, it has helped preserve plants and wildlife for future generations. We are thankful for the species this law has helped recover and save, from the bald eagle to the island fox.

More than 1,700 species are listed as endangered or threatened in the United States. Agencies like the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), alongside state, Tribal and local partners, are working tirelessly to restore species like the California condor.

As we celebrate the ESA’s anniversary and reflect on its remarkable impact, we reaffirm our dedication to safeguarding the nation’s natural heritage. Together, we can ensure future generations have the opportunity to experience the wonders of wildlife and the rich biodiversity we all cherish.

Photo by NPS

12/25/2024

Merry Christmas from the West Virginia State University Department of Biology!

May your holidays be filled with joy, laughter, and the wonder of discovery.

We wish you a joyous holiday season filled with the warmth of family and friends, the spirit of giving, and the excitement of new discoveries.

From our lab to yours, we wish you a very Merry Christmas!



image credit: Gemini

12/24/2024

🎄✨ Merry Christmas from WVSU! ✨🎄

As we look forward to 2025, we’re grateful for our incredible community of students, faculty, staff, alumni, and supporters. Together, we make WVSU shine!

🌟 Wishing you a wonderful holiday season filled with love, laughter, and happiness.