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LET Review, Mandaue Cebu, Cebu City (2026)

24/09/2024

"𝘐 𝘤𝘢𝘯 𝘥𝘰 𝘢𝘭𝘭 𝘵𝘩𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘊𝘩𝘳𝘪𝘴𝘵 𝘸𝘩𝘰 𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘵𝘩𝘦𝘯𝘴 𝘮𝘦". - 𝘗𝘩𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘱𝘱𝘪𝘢𝘯𝘴 4:13

Good luck sa Sunday future LPT 🥰✨️

24/09/2024

May all our sacrifices, sleepless nights, and hard work pay off someday. 🥰

24/09/2024

PARTS OF THE CELL
PLANT CELL
Cell wall is the outermost rigid covering of the plant cell. It is a salient feature of plant cell.
Cell membrane is the outer lining of the celL.
Cytosol or cytoplasm is the gel-like matrix inside the cell membrane which constitutes all other cell organelles.
Nucleus is the control center of the cell. It is a membrane bound structure which contains the hereditary material of the cell - the DNA
Chloroplast is a plastid with green pigment chlorophyll. It traps light energy and converts it to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria carries out cellular respiration and provides energy to the cells.
Vacuoles are the temporary storage center of the cell.
Golgi body is the unit where proteins are sorted and packed.
Ribosomes are structures that assemble proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum are membrane covered organelles that transport materials.
ANIMAL CELL
Cell membrane
• It is a semi-permeable barrier, allowing only a few molecules to move across it.
• Electron microscopic studies of cell membrane shows the lipid bi-layer model of the plasma membrane, it also known as the fluid mosaic model.
• The cell membrane is made up of phospholipids which has polar(hydrophillic) heads and non-polar (hydrophobic) tails.
Cytoplasm
• The fluid matrix that fills the cell is the cytoplasm.
• The cellular organelles are suspended in this matrix of the cytoplasm.
• This matrix maintains the pressure of the cell, ensures the cell doesn't shrink or burst.
Nucleus
• Nucleus is the house for most of the cells genetic material- the DNA and RNA.
• The nucleus is surrounded by a porous membrane known as the nuclear membrane.
• The RNA moves in/out of the nucleus through these pores.
• Proteins needed by the nucleus enter through the nuclear pores.
• The RNA helps in protein synthesis through transcription process.
• The nucleus controls the activity of the cell and is known as the control center.
• The nucleolus is the dark spot in the nucleus, and it is the location for ribosome formation.
Ribosomes
• Ribosomes is the site for protein synthesis where the translation of the RNA takes place.
• As protein synthesis is very important to the cell, ribosomes are found in large number in all cells.
• Ribosomes are found freely suspended in the cytoplasm and also are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Endoplasmic reticulum
• ER is the transport system of the cell. It transports molecules that need certain changes and also molecules to their destination.
• ER is of two types, rough and smooth.
• ER bound to the ribosomes appear rough and is the rough endoplasmic reticulum; while the smooth ER do not have the ribosomes.
Lysosomes
• It is the digestive system of the cell.
• They have digestive enzymes helps in breakdown the waste moelcules and also help in detoxification of the cell.
• If the lysosomes were not membrane bound the cell could not have used the destructive enzymes.
Centrosomes
• It is located near the nucleus of the cell and is known as the 'microtubule organizing center' of the cell.
• Microtubules are made in the centrosome.
• During mitosis the centrosome aids in dividing of the cell and moving of the chromosome to the opposite sides of the cell.
Vacuoles
• They are bound by single membrane and small organelles.
• In many organisms vacuoles are storage organelles.
Vesicles are smaller vacuoles which function for transport in/out of the cell.
Golgi bodies
• Golgi bodies are the packaging center of the cell.
• The Golgi bodies modify the molecules from the rough ER by dividing them into smaller units with membrane known as vesicles.
• They are flattened stacks of membrane-bound sacs.
Mitochondria
• Mitochondria is the main energy source of the cell.
• They are called the power house of the cell because energy(ATP) is created here.
• Mitochondria consists of inner and outer membrane.
• It is spherical or rod shaped organelle.
• It is an organelle which is independent as it has its own hereditary material.
Peroxisomes
• Peroxisomes are single membrane bound organelle that contain oxidative enzymes that are digestive in function.
• They help in digesting long chains of fatty acids and amino acids and help in synthesis of cholesterol.
Cytoskeleton
• It is the network of microtubules and microfilament fibres.
• They give structural support and maintain the shape of the cell.
Cilia and Flagella
• Cilia and flagella are structurally identical structures.
• They are different based on the function they perform and their length.
• Cilia are short and are in large number per cell while flagella are longer and are fewer in number.
• They are organelles of movement.
• The flagellar motion is undulating and wave-like whereas the ciliary movement is power stroke and recovery stroke.

24/09/2024

1. – spiritual, values, ideal
2. - science/ what is real
3. - senses
4. - innate
5. - choice,decision,unique
6. - specialization, basic, fundamental
7. - classic, literature, traditional
8. - activation of skills
9. -child-centered
10. - perfection
11. - atheist, unknown
12. - passionate emotions
13. - pleasure
14. - humans
15. - prior knowledge activation
16. - solution to problem
17. - rationalization of church
18. - usage/ utility

24/09/2024

♣️Visayan epic about good manners and right conduct - MARAGTAS
♣️The father of Filipino newspaper is PASCUAL POBLETE
♣️Lupang Tinubuan is considered to be the best story written during Japanese Period. The author is NARCISO REYES
♣️The original title of Ibong Adarna was CORIDO AT BUHAY NA PINAGDAANAN NG TATLONH PRINSIPENG ANAC NG HARING FERNANDO AT REYNA VALERIANA SA CAHARIANG BERBANIA
♣️PANDEREGLA - first filipino bread
♣️The Great Plebian: Andres Bonifacio
♣️The Father of the Katipunan: Andres Bonifacio
♣️Hero of the Tirad Pass Battle: Gregorio Del Pilar
♣️President of the First Philippine Republic: General Emilio Aguinaldo
♣️Brains of the Philippine Revolution: Apolinario Mabini
♣️Martyred Priests in 1872: GOMBURZA
♣️Brains of the Katipunan: Emilio Jacinto
♣️Co-founder of La Independencia: General Antonio Luna
♣️Mother of Balintawak: Melchora Aquino
♣️Greatest Filipino Orator of the Propaganda Movement: Graciano Lopez- Jaena
♣️First Filipino Cannon-maker: Pandar Pira
♣️Managing Editor of La Solidaridad: Mariano Ponce
♣️Lakambini of Katipunan: Gregoria de Jesus
♣️Poet of the Revolution: Fernando Ma. Guerrero
♣️Outstanding Diplomat of the First Philippine Republic: Felipe Agoncill
♣️First University of the Philippines President: Rafael Palma
♣️Greatest Filipino Painter: Juan Luna
Greatest Journalist of the Propaganda
♣️Movement: Marcelo H. del Pilar
♣️First Filipino Poetess: Leona Florentino
♣️Peace of the Revolution: Pedro Paterno
♣️Founder of Philippine Socialism: Isabelo
♣️Delos Reyes Viborra: Artemio Ricarte
♣️Author of the Spanish lyrics of the Philippine National Anthem: Jose Palma
♣️Chief of Tondo: Lakandola
♣️The Last Rajah of Manila: Rajah Soliman
♣️Fiancée of Jose Rizal: Leonor Rivera
♣️Maker of the
First Filipino Flag: Marcela Agoncillo
♣️Co-founder of Katipunan: Galicano Apacible
♣️Leader of the Ilocano Revolt: Diego Silang
♣️First Filipino Hero: Lapu-lapu
♣️Leader of the Longest Revolt in Bohol: Francisco Dagohoy
♣️The Man of Many Talents: Epifanio Delos Santos
♣️Prince of Tagalog Poets: Francisco Baltazar
♣️Visayan Joan of Arc: Teresa Magbanua
♣️Mother of Biak-na-Bato: Trinidad Tecson
♣️Wife of Artemio Ricarte: Agueda
♣️EstebanLeader of the Tarlac Revolt: Gen. Francisco Makabulos
♣️Composer of the Philippine National Anthem: Julian Felipe
♣️Spaniards born in the Philippines: Insulares
♣️Leader of Magdalo: Baldomero Aguinaldo
♣️Leader of Magdiwang: Mariano Alvarez
♣️Founder of La Liga Filipina: Jose Rizal
♣️Painter of the Spolarium: Juan Luna
♣️The first book written in the Philippines was DOCTRINA CRISTIANA.
♣️The Father of Ilocano Literature is PEDRO BUKANEG.
♣️The Father of Tagalog Poetry is FRANCISCO BALTAZAR.
♣️Lola Basyang is the pen name of SEVERINO REYES.
♣️The first and longest running komiks series in the Philippines is KENKOY(Liwayway Magasin,1929)
♣️The Father of Pampango Literature who wrote There is no God is JUAN CRISOSTOMO SOTO.
♣️The oldest existing newspaper in the Philippines since the 1900 is MANILA BULLETIN.
♣️The Father of Modern Tagalog Poetry is ALEJANDRO ABADILLA.
♣️The work of Bonifacio which tells the history of the Philippines ANG DAPAT MABATID NG MGA TAGALOG.
♣️He wrote the popular fable The Monkey and the Turtle - JOSE RIZAL
♣️This is known as Andres Bonifacio's Ten Commandments of the Katipunan - THE DECALOGUE.
♣️Rizal's model for Pilosopong Tasyo was PACIANO RIZAL.
♣️The following characters created by rizal reflect his own personality except SIMOUN (El Filibusterismo)
♣️The line 'whoever knows not how to love his native tongue is worse than any beast or even smelly fish' TO MY FELLOW CHILDREN
♣️Rizal's pen name - DIMASALANG, LAONG-LAAN
♣️Taga-ilog is JUAN LUNA's Pen name.
♣️The first filipino alphabet was called ALIBATA/BAYBAYIN
♣️the first filipino alphabet consisted of 15 LETTERS
♣️This is a song about love - TALINDAW, awit ng mga taong hindi naimbetahan sa kainan (COLADO)
♣️He was known for his `Memoria Fotografica` - JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN
♣️He is known as the `poet of the workers or laborers` - AMADO HERNANDEZ
♣️Ilocano balagtasan is called BUKANEGAN