About Medicines and Treatment Of Diseases

07/06/2023

Sure! Here are 50 common diseases and a brief explanation of each:

1. Influenza (Flu): A viral infection that affects the respiratory system, causing fever, cough, sore throat, and body aches.
2. Common Cold: A viral infection that primarily affects the nose and throat, causing symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, and sore throat.
3. Pneumonia: An infection that causes inflammation in one or both lungs, leading to symptoms like cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.
4. Asthma: A chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in recurring episodes of wheezing, coughing, and breathlessness.
5. Diabetes: A metabolic disorder where the body cannot effectively regulate blood sugar levels, leading to high blood sugar. It can cause symptoms like frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue, and blurred vision.
6. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): A condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure, which can lead to heart disease, stroke, and other complications.
7. Coronary Artery Disease: A condition where the arteries supplying blood to the heart become narrow or blocked, often leading to chest pain or heart attack.
8. Stroke: A sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells and potential loss of various functions, such as movement, speech, or memory.
9. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A progressive lung disease that makes it difficult to breathe, usually caused by long-term exposure to irritants like smoking or air pollution.
10. Arthritis: An inflammation of the joints, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
11. Osteoporosis: A condition characterized by weakened bones, increasing the risk of fractures.
12. Alzheimer's Disease: A progressive neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior, gradually impairing daily functioning.
13. Depression: A mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and a lack of energy or motivation.
14. Anxiety Disorders: A group of mental health conditions involving excessive worry, fear, or apprehension, often leading to significant distress and impaired daily functioning.
15. Migraine: A neurological condition that causes severe headaches, often accompanied by nausea, sensitivity to light or sound, and visual disturbances.
16. Gastroenteritis: An inflammation of the stomach and intestines, typically caused by viral or bacterial infections, leading to symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
17. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): An infection in any part of the urinary system, such as the kidneys, bladder, or urethra, resulting in symptoms like frequent urination, pain or burning during urination, and cloudy urine.
18. Gastric Ulcer: A sore or lesion in the lining of the stomach, causing abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and sometimes bleeding.
19. Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections (hepatitis A, B, C) or other factors like alcohol abuse or autoimmune conditions.
20. Eczema: A chronic skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin patches.
21. Psoriasis: A chronic autoimmune condition that causes rapid skin cell buildup, leading to thick, red, scaly patches on the skin.
22. Cataracts: A clouding of the lens in the eye, causing blurry vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing at night.
23. Glaucoma: A group of eye conditions characterized by increased pressure within the eye, damaging the optic nerve and potentially leading to vision loss.
24. Allergies: An immune system reaction to substances like pollen, dust mites, or certain foods, causing symptoms such as sneezing, itching, runny nose, and rashes.
25. Anemia: A condition characterized by a deficiency of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and shortness of breath.
26. Gout: A type of arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, resulting in sudden, severe joint pain, often in the big toe.
27. Ovarian Cancer: Cancer that begins in the ovaries, with symptoms that may include abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, and changes in bowel habits.
28. Prostate Cancer: Cancer that occurs in the prostate gland in males, often without symptoms in the early stages but may later cause urinary problems or pain.
29. Breast Cancer: Cancer that forms in the breast tissue, often leading to lumps, changes in breast shape, ni**le discharge, or skin changes.
30. Colore**al Cancer: Cancer that develops in the colon or re**um, commonly causing changes in bowel habits, re**al bleeding, and abdominal discomfort.
31. Leukemia: A group of blood cancers that affect the production of white blood cells, leading to symptoms like fatigue, frequent infections, easy bruising, and bleeding.
32. Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, causing a wide range of symptoms like fatigue, difficulty walking, numbness or tingling, and muscle weakness.
33. Parkinson's Disease: A neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement and coordination, leading to symptoms such as tremors, stiffness, and problems with balance.
34. Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, resulting in fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, and depression.
35. Hyperthyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormones, causing symptoms like weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, and tremors.
36. HIV/AIDS: A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to a progressive weakening of the body's ability to fight infections and diseases.
37. Tuberculosis (TB): A bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also involve other parts of the body, causing persistent cough, fever, weight loss, and fatigue.
38. Rheumatoid Arthritis: An autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, leading to inflammation, pain, swelling, and stiffness.
39. Chronic Kidney Disease: The gradual loss of kidney function over time, often resulting from conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure, leading to fluid retention, fatigue, and electrolyte imbalances.
40. Cirrhosis: A late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by various liver diseases and conditions, leading to liver dysfunction and potentially liver failure.
41. Osteoarthritis: The most common form of arthritis, caused by the wear and tear of joint cartilage, resulting in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
42. Chronic Bronchitis: A type of COPD characterized by persistent inflammation of the bronchial tubes, causing cough, mucus production, and difficulty breathing.
43. Endometriosis: A condition where the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it, leading to pelvic pain, painful periods, and fertility problems.
44. Thyroid Cancer: Cancer that forms in the cells of the thyroid gland, often presenting as a lump or swelling in the neck.
45. Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas, causing severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
46. Peptic Ulcer: A sore or lesion that forms in the lining of the stomach or upper small intestine, causing abdominal pain, indigestion, and heartburn.
47. O steomyelitis: An infection of the bone, usually caused by bacteria, leading to pain, swelling, and limited movement in the affected area.
48. Fibromyalgia: A chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes.
49. Sleep Apnea: A sleep disorder where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, often accompanied by loud snoring and daytime fatigue.
50. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): A complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that is not improved by rest, along with other symptoms like muscle pain, impaired memory, and sleep disturbances.

Please note that these explanations provide only a brief overview of each disease, and it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis, treatment, and further information.

28/12/2022

time and good mood enhance the chances of pregnancy

02/11/2022

Breast Cancer
The most common type of cancer in women is breast cancer. Millions of women across the globe have died due to breast cancer, which could easily be prevented. According to the National Cancer Registry Program report by National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, in 2020 the estimated cancer cases in women is around two lakhs and projected to be around 2.3 lakhs by 2025. The incidences of breast cancer are on an all-time high, major reason being lack of awareness leading to a late diagnosis.
options become more invasive. however, one can avoid reaching advanced stages by early cancer screening tests. women beyond the age of 40 must consult their gynaecologists for a clinical breast exam once a year. in addition, for low-risk cases mammography must be done once in two years.

Asymptomatic breast cancer:-

Diagnosis in breast cancer is the most important pillar to improve survival outcomes, as there is no fool proof prevention strategy. Earlier you catch the disease the higher the chance of avoiding its spread. There are many symptoms associated with breast cancer, hence monthly self-breast exams are highly recommended.

Asymptomatic Breast Cancer:
01/11​The looming danger of breast cancer
​The looming danger of breast cancer
The most common type of cancer in women is breast cancer. Millions of women across the globe have died due to breast cancer, which could easily be prevented. According to the National Cancer Registry Program report by National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, in 2020 the estimated cancer cases in women is around two lakhs and projected to be around 2.3 lakhs by 2025. The incidences of breast cancer are on an all-time high, major reason being lack of awareness leading to a late diagnosis.

02/11​Diagnosis: Asymptomatic Breast Cancer
​Diagnosis: Asymptomatic Breast Cancer
As the name suggests, we see or experience no symptoms in the case of asymptomatic breast cancers. In such cases, the disease could have metastasized which means spread to other parts of the body from the site of origin. Metastatic breast cancer is generally detected in the advanced stages where the treatment options become more invasive. However, one can avoid reaching advanced stages by early cancer screening tests. Women beyond the age of 40 must consult their gynaecologists for a clinical breast exam once a year. In addition, for low-risk cases mammography must be done once in two years.

03/11​How often should you get screened?
​How often should you get screened?
Dr Mukesh Gupta, Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, Le Nest Hospital Malad, Mumbai, says, “In high-risk cases, screening should be more aggressive from 25 years onwards in consultation with your doctor. One should be vigilant and get a range of imaging tests such as x-ray mammography, breast ultrasound, MRIs, CT, and PET scans are available that can detect any malignancies in the breast. As you age, these tests should be done as they are an essential preventive strategy for early diagnosis. Cancer may remain undetected for 2 to 5 years, hence it is important to get screening tests in asymptomatic women.”

04/11​Diagnosis: Symptomatic Breast Cancer
​Diagnosis: Symptomatic Breast Cancer
Diagnosis in breast cancer is the most important pillar to improve survival outcomes, as there is no fool proof prevention strategy. Earlier you catch the disease the higher the chance of avoiding its spread. There are many symptoms associated with breast cancer, hence monthly self-breast exams are highly recommended.

::- How to do a self breast examination?
​How to do a self breast examination?
Every girl of 20 years and above must do self-breast exams every month. While doing a self-exam, the ‘look’ and ‘feel’ are the two important components to be considered. One should look for any lumps in the breast, change in contours, dimpling or bulging of skin, swelling or ni**le inversion, any ni**le changes such as position changes. Any fluid discharge, especially if blood tinged or secretions from the breast should be considered as a warning sign and must be immediately reported to your healthcare professional. This is the first step in diagnosis in symptomatic breast cancers.

Self-breast exam is an easy method to diagnose on time, hence regularly following this practice is crucial. However, one cannot avoid the importance of clinical breast exams especially after you cross the age of 40 years. Screening diagnostic and imaging tests such as breast ultrasounds or mammography and genetic counselling are also recommended as and when required, as advised by your doctor.

To lower your risk, limit your alcohol intake. You need to exercise daily and maintain a healthy weight. Indulge in moderate aerobic workout atleast twice a week.

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09/06/2022

Pharmaceutical products that are used to increase appetite or desire for meal...

07/06/2022

پیشاب کی نالی کاا انفیکشن

یو ٹی آئی انفکشن کے نتیجے میں آپ کو پیشاب کی نالی ، مثانے اور گردے کی تکلیف کا سامنا کرنا پڑ سکتا ہے اگر بروقت اور بہتر طریقے سے اس کا علاج نہ کروایا جائے تو اس انفیکشن کے باعث پریشانی مزید بڑھ سکتی ہے۔

یہ انفیکشن کیسے ہوتا ہے؟

یہ انفیکشن ای کولی کی وجہ سے ہوتا ہے یہ ایک بیکٹیریا ہے جو زیادہ تر آنتوں میں رہتا ہے لیکن کسی ذریعے سے پیشاب کی نالی تک پہنچ جاتا ہے ۔

یو ٹی آئی انفیکشن کی علامات کیا ہیں؟

یو ٹی آئی انفیکشن میں مبتلا شخص کو کثرت سے پیشاب آتا ہے ۔ متاثرہ شخص بار بار پیشاب کرنے جاتا ہے ، ہر مرتبہ بہت ہی تھوڑی مقدار میں پیشاب نکلتا ہے اور پیشاب کرتے وقت پیشاب کی نالی میں درد یا جلن کا احساس ہوتا ہے ۔ پیشاب غیر شفاف بھی ہو سکتا ہے اور ممکن ہے کہ پیشاب میں خون بھی شامل ہو ۔ پیٹ کے نچلے حصے میں درد مثانے کے انفیکشن کی نشاندہی کرتا ہے ۔ بخار، کمر کے نچلے حصے میں درد ، الٹی گردے کے ممکنہ انفیکشن کی نشاندہی کرتا ہے شوگر کا شکار مرد اور خواتین بھی یو ٹی آئی انفیکشن میں مبتلا ہو سکتے ہیں ۔ آنفیکشن کو کنفرم کرنے کے لیئے لیباٹری سے پیشاب کو ٹیسٹ کروایا جاتا ہے ۔ رپورٹ میں پس سیل چار سے زیادہ ہوں تو یہ انفیکشن کی نشانی ہوتی ہے ۔

عورتیں یو ٹی آئی انفیکشن کا شکار زیادہ کیوں ہوتی ہیں؟

اس بیکٹریکل انفیکشن کا شکار مردوں کی نسبت زیادہ تر خواتین ہوتی ہیں ۔ اس کی اہم وجہ یہ ہے کہ مردوں کی پیشاب کی نالی تقریبا 15 سینٹی میٹر لمبی ہوتی ہے، اور خواتین کی صرف 5 سینٹی میٹر لمبی ہوتی ہے۔ اسلیے بیکٹیریا مثانے میں زیادہ آسانی سے پہنچ سکتا ہے اور پھر گردوں کی طرف جا سکتا ہے ۔ اگر ویجاینا صاف نہی ہے یا ٹوائلٹ استعمال کرنے کے بعد مقعد کی صفائی کے دوران بھی مقعد میں موجود بیکٹیریا با آسانی عورت کی پیشاب کی نالی تک پہنچ سکتے ہیں ۔ حاملہ عورتیں بھی اس مسلے سے دوچار ہو سکتی ہیں کیونکہ دوران حمل بچہ دانی بڑھ جاتی ہے اور مثانے کو دباتی ہے جس کے باعث مثانہ پوری طرح سے خالی نہی ہو پاتا ۔ اس کے برعکس مردوں کی پیشاب کی نالی کا سوراخ عضو تناسل کے آخر میں ہوتا ہے جہاں تک مقعد کے بیکٹیریا پہنچنا قدرے مشکل ہوتا ہے ۔ کنڈوم کے بغیر جنسی تعلقات میں بھی یہ انفیکشن مرد سے عورت کو ٹرنسفر ہو سکتا ہے ۔

احتیاطیں

خواتین بیت الخلا استعمال کرنے کے بعد شرمگاہ سے مقعد کی طرف یعنی آگے سے پیچھے کی طرف پونچھیں ۔

گندی جگہ پر پیشاب کے لیے مت بیٹھیں ۔

جنسی تعلق قائم کرنے کے بعد اپنے مثانے کو خالی کریں یا کونڈم کا استعمال کریں ۔

غیر معیاری صابن وجائنل ڈوش سے اجتناب کریں ۔

بہت زیادہ تنگ اور کسے ہوئے پتلون پہننے سے گریز کریں۔

زیادہ پانی پیئں اور پیشاب کو کسی صورت مت روکیں ۔ کیگل ایکسرسائز وغیرہ بھی انفیکشن کا باعث بن سکتی ہیں ۔

علاج

یو ٹی آئی انفیکشن میں مبتلا مریض کرین میکس کا ایک پیکٹ صبح شام ایک گلاس پانی میں ڈال کر پئیں اور ساتھ سٹرالکا سیرپ بھی استعمال کریں ۔ زیادہ پانی پیئں کیونکہ پیشاب کی زیادہ مقدار پیشاب کی نالی میں موجود بیکٹریا کو باہر نکالنے میں مددگار ہوتی ہے ۔ اگر اس انفیکشن ٹھیک نہ ہو تو ڈاکٹر کو چیک کروا کر اینٹی بائیوٹک لکھوا لیں ۔

04/06/2022

"ABSENCE SEIZURES,"

Involve brief,sudden lapses of consciousness. They are more common in children than adult. Someone having an absence seizure may look like he or she is staring into space for a few seconds.It is controlled with anti-seizure medications.

Sign and Symptoms:-
1) Sudden stop in motion without falling
2)Lip smacking
3) Small movement of both hands
4) Eyelid flutters
5) Chewing motion
6) Fingers rubbing

CAUSES::-
No underlying causes. But in general caused by abnormal electrical impulses from nerve cells in the brain.

TREATMENT::---
1) Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
2) Valproic acid (Depakene)
3) Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

08/01/2021