11/05/2025
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND THEIR USES
Glassware:
📌 Beakers: Measuring, mixing, and heating liquids
📌 Test tubes: Holding and observing small samples
📌 Flasks (round-bottom, flat-bottom): Mixing, heating, and storing liquids
📌 Petri dishes: Culturing microorganisms
📌 Pipettes: Measuring and transferring small volumes of liquids
Measuring Instruments:
📌 Burettes: Measuring volumes of liquids accurately
📌 Graduated cylinders: Measuring volumes of liquids
📌 Thermometers: Measuring temperature
📌 pH meters: Measuring acidity/basicity
📌 Spectrophotometers: Measuring absorbance/transmittance
Heating and Cooling:
📌 Bunsen burners: Heating and sterilizing
📌 Hot plates: Heating and stirring
📌 Water baths: Heating and temperature control
📌 Ice baths: Cooling and temperature control
📌 Refrigerators: Storing samples and reagents
Safety Equipment:
📌 Gloves: Protecting hands from chemicals
📌 Goggles: Protecting eyes from chemicals and debris
📌 Lab coats: Protecting clothing from chemicals
📌 Fume hoods: Ventilating and protecting from hazardous fumes
📌 Fire extinguishers: Emergency response
Miscellaneous:
📌 Microscopes: Observing small structures and samples
📌 Centrifuges: Separating mixtures
📌 Stirrers: Mixing and blending
📌 Autoclaves: Sterilizing equipment and samples
📌 Desiccators: Drying and storing samples
Specialized Equipment:
📌 Chromatography columns: Separating mixtures
📌 Electrophoresis equipment: Separating DNA/RNA/proteins
📌 PCR machines: Amplifying DNA
📌 Spectrometers: Analyzing molecular structure
📌 Lyophilizers: Freeze-drying samples