10/08/2026
Landscape of Hope: A Plan for Below and Beyond
Located in the Long Island Sound between Long Island and The Bronx, 131-acre Hart Island holds the remains of more than one million New York residents. Occupied by the marginalized and vulnerable of society, the island’s long trenches are the final resting place for those who cannot afford a private burial and for unclaimed and unidentified New Yorkers.
First used as a Civil War camp and military organizing ground, the mass burials began in 1872. The mass burial process established in the 19th century continues to today with only slight modifications. The deceased are placed in caskets, and the caskets are stacked four deep in two rows in 60-foot-long trenches. Each trench holds 200 caskets. Trenches are kept open for weeks at a time.
Over the last several years, three Knowlton School landscape faculty have developed a proposal for a new burial system for Hart Island that offers a humane treatment of those buried there and for those visiting the deceased.
In collaboration with The Hart Island Project—a nonprofit organization in New York founded by Melinda Hunt—Associate Professor Jacob Boswell and lecturers Brendan Ayer and Jack Gruber have developed Landscape of Hope, a proof-of-concept that seeks to remove the stigma surrounding the island’s current burial system.
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