05/27/2026
in 1924, The Johnson-Reed Act of 1924, signed by President Calvin Coolidge, introduced strict national origin quotas to shape U.S. immigration policy, favoring Northern Europeans while severely limiting entry for Southern and Eastern Europeans, nearly all Asians, and Africans. It capped immigration at 2% of a nationality’s U.S. population as of 1890, drastically reducing the number of visas.
As an example of how this law affected various people, Italian immigration dropped from over 200,000 in 1921 to around 6,000 in 1925 after the law’s enactment. The Baldizzi family was one such family directly impacted. Adolfo Baldizzi immigrated in 1923, just before the law passed, and was separated from his wife Rosaria –who lived in Italy–for two years due to the new visa restrictions. Adolfo and Rosaria would eventually become U.S. citizens, and Josephine’s memories shared with the museum recall her mother and father’s love of voting and pride in becoming citizens.
Join us on our “Under One Roof” tour to hear the Baldizzi family’s full story.
📷 President Calvin Coolidge signs a bill in 1926, Library of Congress