09/05/2026
Some of the most intense auroras in the last 500 years occurred on Mother’s Day in 2024.
New research led by the Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Iowa offers the most detailed account to date of the geomagnetic storm behind these auroras. The team found that 10 coronal mass ejections (explosions on the surface of the sun) erupted over four days, with multiple magnetic clouds merging and strengthening on their journey toward Earth.
The findings provide new insight into how interacting solar eruptions can produce intense space weather and could help scientists develop more accurate forecasts of their effects on Earth, as geomagnetic storms can threaten satellites, power grids, and other activities.
The study was published in the Astrophysical Journal this August.